Help Wanted at the Center for Military Readiness

Charmaine and Elaine in the Pentagon Charmaine says, “I’m going to look at a new ring…”

“Wedding?” I’m concerned.

“No, bigger. E Ring.” She grabs her brief case.

Now I’m really worried.

This means only one thing.

Elaine Donnelly is in town. Women are going into combat.

Elaine runs the non-profit think tank Center for Military Readiness.

Elaine is a former member of the Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services. She was appointed by Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger in 1984. Members have three-star protocol status.

She’s a pro.

The Center for Military Readiness is expanding. Elaine is looking to hire a Public Affairs and Research Director.

Women may be

assigned to subsThe position will involve specialized research on matters of concern to CMR, preparation of news releases and person-to-person communications with broadcast producers, writing or editing of articles for CMR publications and its website, arranging or attending meetings with public officials, representing CMR at hearings or events and on radio or television interviews, and assisting CMR with fundraising activities.

Of primary concern is,

…when the issue of congressional oversight of defense matters has become extremely controversial, both Congress and the Bush Administration have been inattentive and negligent on the important matter of women in land combat.

If you know of a candidate, please comment. We will be in your debt.

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Thank you (foot)notes:

See Hidden Agenda: Women in Combat.

Mudville Gazette has Open Post.

CMR’s Board of Advisors at the jump

CMR’s Board of Advisors:

REAR ADMIRAL JOHN M. BARRETT, USN (RET.) graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1942 and subsequently participated in ten submarine patrols during World War II. In addition to the Silver Star and two Bronze Stars, he was awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for the rescue of a shipmate washed overboard in heavy seas off Okinawa. Adm. Barrett became a carrier aviator and test pilot after the war, and returned to submarine command in 1952. He headed the Submarine Warfare Division Programs Branch in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and was the first U.S. Executive Secretary for the Joint U.S./United Kingdom Polaris Program. After retiring from the Navy in 1977, Admiral Barrett was instrumental in the development of the Pacific Fleet Submarine Memorial Association, the Submarine Museum, and the Submarine Memorial at Pearl Harbor.

GENERAL ROBERT H. BARROW, USMC (RET.) the twenty-seventh Commandant of the Marine Corps, served seven tours of duty in the Pacific and Far East, beginning in WWII. As a rifle company commander in the Korean War, he participated in the Chosin Reservoir and Inchon-Seoul campaigns. In Vietnam, General Barrow’s “Mountain Regiment” fought in the vicinity of the DMZ, Khe Sanh, and the A Shau Valley–most notably in Operation Dewey Canyon, a seven-week trek over some of the roughest terrain in Vietnam to strike at NVA bases in Laos. Barrow was awarded the Navy Cross and many other decorations during 41 years of service. As Assistant Commandant, General Barrow was instrumental in reinstating the Corps’ traditional emphasis on high recruiting and retention standards. After his retirement ceremony in 1983, which was attended by President Ronald Reagan, General Barrow served as a member of the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, the blue-ribbon Packard Commission on Defense Management, and on the boards of the National Defense University, George Mason University, and The Citadel.

ALLAN C. CARLSON, PH.D. President of the Howard Center for Family, Religion and Society, was the general secretary and lead convenor of the World Congress of Families held in March 1997 in Prague, the Czech Republic. Dr. Carlson was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to the National Commission on Children. He is the former executive vice president of the Rockford Institute and a former visiting fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. He is a frequent lecturer and author of many books and published articles focusing on the importance of families. In 1992, he testified before the Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in the Armed Forces. Dr. Carlson graduated magna cum laude from Augustana College, and earned his Ph.D. in Modern European History from Ohio University.

VICE ADMIRAL DUDLEY CARLSON, USN (RET.) served on active duty for 32 years. His assignments included Chief of Navy Personnel, Chief of Legislative Affairs, and Director of the Navy’s Strategic Plans and Policy Division. As a submarine officer for two decades, he served as commanding officer of the USS Grayback and USS Blue Ridge. After his retirement, Adm. Carlson became Executive Director of the 73,000-member Navy League of United States. Previously, he was a legislative assistant to Senator Phil Gramm of Texas and to Senator Pete Wilson of California.

LINDA CHAVEZ is the President of the Center for Equal Opportunity and the author of Out of the Barrio: Toward a New Politics of Hispanic Assimilation. The Washington Post has described her as one of “a new generation of intellectuals [seeking] to question the orthodoxy of the civil rights establishment.” Mrs. Chavez held a number of positions during the Reagan administration, including Director of Public Liaison (1985) and director of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (1983-85). Mrs. Chavez is a frequent contributor to USA Today, writes magazine articles and a weekly syndicated newspaper column, and appears frequently as a commentator on network television programs.

BRIGADIER GENERAL SAMUEL G. COCKERHAM, USA (RET.), is a combat veteran of the Korean and Vietnam Wars. He planned the development of the Apache attack helicopter and was the first military pilot to fly it. He has served in the Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Strategy and Mobility and in the Office of the Secretary of the Army as a contracts specialist with the Directorate of Procurement. General Cockerham also served in the offices of the Army Chief of Staff and the Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations. General Cockerham is a 1948 graduate of West Point and holds advanced degrees from Purdue and George Washington Universities. He is now associated with Defense, Aviation and Strategic Mobility Systems in Alexandria, Virginia.

LIEUTENANT GENERAL CHARLES G. COOPER, USMC (RET.), a graduate of the Army and Navy Colleges, has commanded units in each of the Corps’ three active divisions and in five of its nine infantry regiments. His duties have included command of the Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C., MC Base, Camp Lejeune, N.C., and the MC Recruit Depot, San Diego, CA, where he was responsible for recruiting and training some 25,000 Marines annually. General Cooper also led the 1st Marine Division and the 1st Marine Amphibious Force, the Corps’ largest Tactical Air-Ground Task Force. Prior to assuming his duties as Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific/Commander, MC Bases in 1983, General Cooper was Director of Manpower, HQMC. His numerous decorations include the Distinguished Service Medal and the Silver Star. Since his retirement in 1985, General Cooper has been active as a consultant on defense related matters. He is currently writing a book, Cheers and Jeers, about his 35 years of service in the Marine Corps.

REAR ADMIRAL JEREMIAH A. DENTON, USN (RET.) is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy who served on ships, as a flight instructor, and a pilot during Vietnam. While flying a combat mission in 1965, he was shot down and imprisoned in various North Vietnamese POW camps until 1973. During a televised interview, Denton defied his captors by blinking the word “torture” in Morse code. His leadership of American resistance led to four years in solitary confinement and further brutalities. For his heroic act, he was awarded the Navy Cross, and received numerous other decorations. Following his retirement from active service, Adm. Denton was elected to represent Alabama in the U.S. Senate, where he emphasized the connection between family strength, national morality, and the defense of civilization. He was appointed by President Reagan to be Chairman of the Commission on Merchant Marine and Defense, and founded the Coalition for Decency (now the National Forum Foundation). Adm. Denton is currently a member of the Publication Committee of Crisis magazine. His book When Hell Was in Session was recently re-issued on its 25th anniversary.

WILLIAM A. & PRUDENCE FIELDS have performed in musical theater, and at the 1984 and 1988 Republican National Conventions, as a bass-baritone and mezzo-soprano. Mr. Fields, who received his juris doctor degree from Harvard Law School, currently serves on bank and hospital boards in Marietta, Ohio. Previously, he had been Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Estate Planning, Trust and Probate Law Section of the Ohio State Bar Association, a Board Member on Character and Fitness for the Supreme Court of Ohio, and a member of the editorial board of the Probate Law Journal of Ohio. As a professional actress, Prudence Fields has played leading roles in many musicals, and appeared in the original cast of Funny Girl. Prudence has been the county chairman in eight political campaigns, and is a long-time activist in Eagle Forum.

FRANK J. GAFFNEY. JR. is founder and director of the Center for Security Policy in Washington D.C., an internationally-recognized nonprofit, nonpartisan educational organization that specializes in foreign and defense policy matters. As Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy in 1987, Gaffney dealt with nuclear forces, arms control and U.S.-European defense relations. He chaired the prestigious High Level Group, NATO’s senior politico-military committee, and represented the Secretary of Defense in key U.S.-Soviet negotiations. Mr. Gaffney was the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear Forces and Arms Control Policy from 1983-1987. He had previously served as a professional staff member on the Senate Armed Services Committee, and was an aide to the late Sen. Henry J. “Scoop” Jackson (D-Washington). Mr. Gaffney holds an M.A. degree in International Studies from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, and earned his B.S. in Foreign Service from Georgetown University. He is a columnist with the Washington Times and Defense News, and his commentaries appear frequently in leading publications such as the New York Times, the Christian Science Monitor, the New Republic and Newsday.

MAJOR BRUCE H. HOOPER, USMC (RET.) has been Vice Chairman of the Foreign Policy Research Institute since 1986. He served for twelve years of active duty and active reserve service as a Marine aviator and retired as a Major in 1964. He joined the Interstate Oil Transport Company, a tugboat/oil barge company engaged in petroleum transportation between ports ranging from Texas to Maine. Since retiring from the business, he has been engaged in nonprofit activities and investments in small private companies. Major Hooper is the President of the Marine Corps University Foundation, a Councilor of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, a Director of the Center for the Study of Popular Culture, the Elizabeth S. Hooper Foundation, and of Laser Technologies Company, Inc.

DAVID HOROWITZ is the founder and President of the Los Angeles-based Center for the Study of Popular Culture, and the editor of Heterodoxy magazine. A former leader of the New Left during the 1960’s, Mr. Horowitz chronicled his journey rightward in the best-selling novels Destructive Generation: Second Thoughts About the Sixties and 1997’s Radical Son. Author George Gilder lauded Horowitz as “the first great American autobiography of his generation.” Honors received by Horowitz include the Guggenheim Fellowship and the Teach Freedom Award bestowed by former President Ronald Reagan.

GENERAL FREDERICK J. KROESEN, USA (RET.) is the former Commander in Chief, US Army Europe, and Commander, NATO Central Army Group. In his 40-year military career, General Kroesen commanded troops in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam, including the 82nd Airborne Division, US VII Corps, Germany, and Forces Command at Fort McPherson, GA. He earned many decorations, including the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal. He also served as Vice Chief of Staff, uS Army. He is a graduate of Rutgers University, and earned an M.A. in International Affairs at George Washington University. General Kroesen is currently Chairman of the Board at MPRI., Inc., and a consultant specializing in national and international military affairs. He is also a Senior Fellow of the Institute of Land Warfare, Association of the United States Army.

BEVERLY LAHAYE is the Chairman, former President, and founder of Concerned Women for America, the nation’s largest politically active women’s organization. She is a nationally recognized advocate on issues affecting women, the family, and values, having testified numerous times before congressional committees. Mrs. LaHaye hosts a live, nationally syndicated, daily talk radio program, Beverly LaHaye Live, and a weekend broadcast, This Week with Beverly LaHaye. In addition, she is the author of several books on children and the family. Her awards include an honorary doctorate of humanities from Liberty University and the Southern Baptist Convention’s Religious Freedom Award.

JOHN LENCZOWSKI is founder and director of The Institute of World Politics, a graduate school of international affairs in partnership with Boston University. Previously, he served as Director of European and Soviet Affairs at the National Security Council from 1983-1987 and as Special Advisor to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs from 1981-1983. His articles have appeared in the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Times, and have been nationally syndicated by the Los Angeles Times. In addition, he is the author of several publications on U.S. foreign policy. Dr. Lenczowski is a graduate of the Thacher School and the University of California at Berkeley, and received his Ph.D. from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies.

SAMUEL K. LESSEY, JR., a graduate of West Point (1945), Harvard Law and Harvard Business schools, served in the Air Force Reserve for 12 years and retired as a Brigadier General. President Ronald Reagan appointed him Director of the Selective Service System (1987-1991). He has served as Inspector General of the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation, Mobilization Assistant to the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), member of a Management Implementation Team for the Air Force Reserve, and member of the National Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve. He was Vice President of Shearson, Hamill & Co., one of the ten largest investment banking and brokerage firms in America, and Vice President and Director of the National Aviation Corporation. Mr. Lessey served as a pilot with the Ninth Air Force, the Pacific Division of Military Air Transport Service, and as a law instructor on the staff and faculty of the U.S. Naval Academy. He belongs to many professional and service organizations, and was chosen in 1994 to head the National Stroke Association.

CAPTAIN EUGENE B. “RED” McDANIEL, USN (RET.) is the President and Founder of the American Defense Foundation and the American Defense Institute, nonprofit organizations that work to increase public awareness of the need for a strong national defense. A former Navy A-6 Intruder pilot, McDaniel was shot down in Vietnam while flying a combat mission in 1967. He was listed as “missing in action” until 1970. His book Scars and Stripes describes six years of brutal torture for his active role in prisoner communications during an escape attempt. Following his release in March 1973, he was awarded the Navy’s highest award for bravery, the Navy Cross, and several other decorations. Capt. McDaniel subsequently served as the commanding officer of the aircraft carrier USS Lexington. He was the Navy/Marine Corps Liaison to the U.S. House of Representatives from 1979-1981, and retired from the Navy in 1982.

ADMIRAL THOMAS H. MOORER, USN (RET.) served as the Chief of Naval Operations from 1967-1970, whereupon he was appointed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a post he held until his retirement in 1974. A former naval aviator, Moorer earned many medals and honors during his career, including the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross. In addition to serving as Director of the Long Range Objectives Group in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations in 1960, Adm. Moorer was Commander of Carrier Division Six, Commander in Chief U.S. Pacific Fleet, and Commander of the Seventh Fleet. Admiral Moorer is a member of the Board of Advisors of the Georgetown University Center for Strategic and International Studies, the Valley Forge Military Academy, and The Citadel. He is a graduate of the Naval Academy (1933) and the Naval War College.

KATE WALSH O’BEIRNE is the Washington Editor of National Review. In her column “Bread and Circuses,” she writes principally about Congress, politics, and domestic policy. Previously, as Vice President of Government Relations at the Heritage Foundation in Washington, D.C., she kept Washington policymakers abreast of Heritage proposals and research findings. As Heritage’s Deputy Director of Domestic Policy Studies, she supervised studies in the areas of health care, welfare, education, and housing. From 1986 to 1988, she was Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislation at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. In 1992, she was appointed by President George Bush to the Presidential Commission on Women in the Armed Forces, which was charged to study the question of whether women should be assigned to direct combat positions. Mrs. O’Beirne is a regular on CNN’s Capital Gang, appears as a substitute host on CNN’s Crossfire, and as a commentator on The Lehrer Newshour. She is married to a retired career infantry officer, and has lived on military installations in the U.S. and abroad. She received her J.D. degree from St. John’s University Law School.

VICE ADMIRAL DAVID C. RICHARDSON, USN (RET.), a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy (1936), is the former Commander of the Sixth Fleet and former Deputy Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet. Prior assignments included command of Carrier Division Seven (1966), Carrier Division Five and CTF-77 (1966-67), and the Sixth Fleet (1968-70). Adm. Richardson served as a pilot and commander of several fighter squadrons, as well as the USS Cimarron and USS Hornet. He earned many decorations, including three Distinguished Service Medals and the Distinguished Flying Cross. Following his retirement in 1972, Admiral Richardson frequently consults with numerous Defense Department advisory panels and military contractors, drawing upon his extensive experience in the field of intelligence.

COLONEL JOHN W. RIPLEY, USMC (RET.) currently serves as President of Hargrave Military Academy. As Senior Marine and Director, Division of English and History at the Naval Academy from 1984-87, he established a record of commissioning more than 500 midshipmen into the Marine Corps. He also commanded the Navy-Marine Corps ROTC at Virginia Military Institute, and created the largest, most productive NROTC unit in the country. In addition to numerous decorations for extensive combat experience at the rifle company and battalion levels, Col. Ripley was awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism in destroying the Dong Ha bridge during the 1972 North Vietnamese Easter Invasion. That action is memorialized at the Naval Academy with a large diorama titled “Ripley at the Bridge.” Following his retirement in 1992, Col. Ripley became President and Chancellor of Southern Virginia (Women’s) College. He graduated from the Naval Academy in 1962, earned his M.S. at American University, graduated from the Naval War College in 1982, and has lectured widely on the value of humanities, the classics, and a liberal arts education.

CAPTAIN WALTER M. SCHIRRA, JR., USN (RET.) was one of the original seven American astronauts, and logged over 12 days in space on three pioneering flights during the 1960’s. He is the only astronaut to go into space on Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo spacecraft. Walter Schirra was chosen by NASA to become an astronaut in 1959, while attending the Naval Test Pilot School. He became a popular spokesman for the space program while co-anchoring CBS coverage with Walter Cronkite. As a Navy pilot, he flew 90 combat missions in Korea, and earned many awards including the Distinguished Service Medal and three Distinguished Flying Crosses. Following retirement from the military in 1969, Schirra became president of Regency Investors of Denver, founded Environmental Control Company, and served as Vice President or Director of numerous companies. He currently heads Schirra Enterprises, a consulting firm, and devotes considerable volunteer time to many civic groups and clubs. His autobiography, Schirra’s Space, was published in 1988. Captain Schirra is a graduate of the United States Naval Academy (1945), and the Newark College of Engineering.

PHYLLIS SCHLAFLY has been a leader in the conservative movement since the publication of her 1964 best-selling book, A Choice Not an Echo, which she is currently updating for republication in 1999. She is President of Eagle Forum, which she founded in 1972 as a national pro-family volunteer organization. Mrs. Schlafly is the author or editor of 13 books, and has testified before more than 50 congressional and state committees on a wide range of issues, such as feminism and the family, national defense and nuclear strategy, education and child care, health care reform, and constitutional freedoms. She has developed a new system to teach children to read called First Reader, and has published her monthly newsletter, the Phyllis Schlafly Report since 1967. Her syndicated column appears in 100 newspapers and her radio commentaries are heard daily on 270 stations. In 1985, she was appointed by President Reagan to the Commission on the Bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution, a position she held until 1991. Mrs. Schlafly is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Washington University, received her J.D. from Washington University Law School, and her M.A. in political science from Harvard University.

COLONEL NAHIDA C. SHERMAN, USAF (RET.) was commissioned a second lieutenant in the United States Air Force in 1968 upon completion of Officer Training School. In addition to being a 1969 Southeast Asia veteran, she served as an imagery interpreter, intelligence analyst and squadron section commander until she separated from active duty in 1973. In 1978, Colonel Sherman resumed military service in an active U.S. Air Force Reserve career until her retirement in 1992. She served in a variety of Reserve and active duty assignments with the Department of Defense as an Intelligence Analyst, Indications & Warnings Officer, Intelligence Reserve Detachment Commander and Mobilization Augmentee to the Office of the Air Force Chief of Staff, Intelligence.

ROBERT E. STUMPF, USN (RET.) is a retired US Navy officer, now a commercial airline pilot. He was the commanding officer and flight leader of the world-famous Blue Angels from 1992-1994. Stumpf earned many decorations during the 1986 Libya campaign and the Persian Gulf War, including the Distinguished Flying Cross. As commander of Strike Fighter Squadron 83, he flew 22 missions over Iraq, including the first and last air strikes of the war. From 1993-96, he waged an active campaign to clear his name from unsubstantiated charges arising from the 1991 Tailhook Association Symposium. Stumpf attended the event to receive the Estocin Award for the best F-18 (Hornet) squadron in the Navy, and was cleared of wrongdoing by a Navy Board of Inquiry. His promotion to the rank of Captain was confirmed and he began training as a carrier air wing commander. Nevertheless, his promotion was withdrawn by the Senate because Navy officials failed to “flag” his file. In 1996, when the Secretary of the Navy withdrew his promotion for the second time, Stumpf retired from military service. Mr. Stumpf is a graduate of the Naval Academy (1974), the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, and earned his M.S. in National Security Studies at Georgetown University.

LT. GEN. RICHARD G. TREFRY, USA (RET.) served as Inspector General of the U.S. Army from 1977 until his retirement in 1983. He served as the Military Assistant to President George Bush and Director of the White House Military Office, from 1990-92. He became a field artillery officer following his graduation from the United States Military Academy in 1950. He commanded a field artillery battery in Korea from 1958-59, and fought with the 1st and 3rd Marine Divisions at various locales in Vietnam. In his 33 year military career, General Trefry served in a variety of leadership positions, including command of the 1st Armored Artillery Division at Ft. Hood, Texas. General Trefry was Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Army Personnel from 1975-1976, during which time the decision was made to increase the number of women in the Army from 2% to 10%. He was the responsible staff officer for implementation of the enrollment of women at West Point, and was Director of Management in the Office of the Army Chief of Staff from 1976-77. He has been associated with many volunteer organizations, including the Association of the U.S. Army, the Army & Navy Club, and the Army Emergency Relief Association. He is a Vice President of MPRI, Inc.in Alexandria, VA and is the Program Director for the Army Force Management School at Ft. Belvoir, VA.

ADMIRAL CARLISLE A.H. TROST, USN (Ret.) was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to be the 23rd Chief of Naval Operations in 1986. Previously, he served as Commander in Chief of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet and Deputy Commander in Chief of the U.S. Atlantic Command (1985), and as Director of Navy Program Planning for the Chief of Naval Operations (1981). Admiral Trost has extensive experience in nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines, and commanded Submarine Flotilla One (now Submarine Group Five), in 1973, and the Blue Crew, USS Sam Rayburn. He was appointed commander of the U.S. Seventh Fleet in 1980, and received many decorations including two Distinguished Service Medals, Japan’s Order of the Rising Sun (2nd Class), and the Republic of Korea’s Order of National Merit. Admiral Trost graduated first in his class from the Naval Academy in 1953.

LIEUTENANT GENERAL CLAUDIUS E. WATTS III, USAF (RET.), who graduated from The Citadel in 1958, served as its President from 1989-1996. General Watts had previously served as Comptroller of the Air Force until his retirement from active duty in 1989. General Watts served with the 12th Special Operations Squadron in Vietnam from 1967-68. He flew more than 7,000 hours, including 276 combat missions, for which he received 44 awards and decorations for distinguished service and gallantry. In 1976 he served as chief of Operations and Training with the 1402’s Military Airlift Squadron, and later commanded the 438th Military Airlift Group at McGuire AFB. General Watts has served on a number of boards, including the National Collegiate Athletic Association Council, and the Advisory Council of Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business. He attended the Army Command and General Staff College, the National War College, the London School of Economics as a Fullbright scholar, the Stanford University Graduate School of Business, and Harvard University.

THE HONORABLE FAITH WHITTLESEY served two tours as the United States Ambassador to Switzerland during the Reagan Administration, from 1981-83 and 1985-86. She also served as a member of the Senior White House Staff heading the Office of Public Liaison from 1983-85. Previously, she was the Assistant U.S. Attorney in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, and Special Assistant Attorney General in the Pennsylvania Department of Justice. She was elected to the Pennsylvania Legislature for two terms. Ms. Whittlesey has been Chairman and CEO of the American Swiss Foundation in New York for nine years, and is currently the Chairman of Christian Freedom International, a human rights organization that defends the rights of persecuted Christians worldwide. She is a member of several corporate and charitable boards, including the Sunbeam Corporation, Valassis Communications, and Schindler USA. Ms. Whittlesey is a Phi Beta Kappa and cum laude graduate of Wells College, and received her J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania. She is the past recipient of three honorary doctorates and a Ford Foundation grant to attend the Hague Academy of International Law.

WALTER E. WILLIAMS, Ph.D. is the John M. Olin Distinguished Professor of Economics and the Chairman of the Economics Department of George Mason University. He serves on the boards of directors of the Hoover Institution, the Reason Foundation, Citizens for a Sound Economy, and is on the advisory boards of the Landmark Legal Foundation and the Cato Institute, among others. In addition, he writes a weekly nationally syndicated column and is a frequent commentator on radio and television programs such as The News Hour with Jim Lehrer, Nightline, and Wall Street Week. Dr. Williams is the author of over eighty articles published in scholarly journals and major national magazines, plus six books, one of which was subsequently made into the PBS documentary Good Intentions. His fellowships and awards include: Hoover Institution National Fellow, Ford Foundation Fellow, and the Adam Smith Award. Dr. Williams holds a B.A. in Economics from California State University and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics from the University of California at Los Angeles. He also holds a doctor of humane letters from Virginia Union University and Grove City College and a doctor of laws from Washington and Jefferson College.

WILLIAM A. WOODRUFF is a Professor of Law at Campbell University School of Law in North Carolina. He is the former chief of the litigation division of the Army’s Office of the Judge Advocate General, HQ, Department of the Army. Professor Woodruff was promoted to the rank of colonel just prior to his retirement from active service in 1992. His article “The DOD Homosexual Exclusion Policy: Illegal Discrimination or Legitimate Personnel Policy?” explores the legal foundations of the military’s policy on homosexuality. Mr. Woodruff received his B.A. from the University of Alabama and graduated magna cum laude from the University of South Carolina Law School.